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Compare Norfolk Island (2004) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)

Compare Norfolk Island (2004) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)

 Norfolk Island (2004)South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)
 Norfolk IslandSouth Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry -
Airports 1 (2003 est.) none
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 -
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
3,903 sq km

land:
3,903 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses a small military garrison. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 miles to 200 miles around each island.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Budget revenues: $4.6 million


expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)		 revenues:
$291,777

expenditures:
$451,000, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)
Capital Kingston -
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline 32 km NA km
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 adopted 3 October 1985
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island		 conventional long form:
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

conventional short form:
none
Currency Australian dollar (AUD) -
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Debt - external NA -
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international none claimed by Argentina
Economic aid - recipient NA -
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - production NA kWh -
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m		 lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians -
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999) -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA		 -
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92) -
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados -
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band the flag of the UK is used
GDP purchasing power parity - NA -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA -
GDP - real growth rate NA -
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia
Highways total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) -
Imports - commodities NA -
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe -
Independence none (territory of Australia) -
Industrial production growth rate NA -
Industries tourism -
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA -
International organization participation UPU -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1993)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions -
Labor force NA -
Labor force - by occupation tourism NA, subsistence agriculture NA -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian -
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years		 -
Literacy NA -
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references Oceania Antarctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine none -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)		 -
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources fish fish
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population -
Political parties and leaders none -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 1,841 (July 2004 est.) no indigenous inhabitants

note:
the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate -0.01% (2004 est.) -
Ports and harbors none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) none
Religions Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996) -
Sex ratio NA -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: NA


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future		 general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998) 0 (1997)
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman (2004 est.) -
Unemployment rate NA -
Waterways - none
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